- 2015-03-09 (x)
- Nakra, Manoj (x)
- 2001-05 (x)
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Show moreMy interest in women and corporate boards evolved from a general desire for more information on boards. Being the most senior woman executive in an educations institution, there appeared to be no senior individuals available to assume a role on our board and to illustrate the possible role women executives could play. During my initial research it became obvious there were very few senior women executives who had ascended to positions on their organization's corporate board. there was also very little known about women inside directors, giving me a tremendous opportunity to begin to answer numerous questions. My grand tour questions were to identify how women inside directors were represented on corporate boards and how their status was determined. Questions surrounding representation included the following sub-questions: Do women inside directors sit on larger boards? Do boards with women inside directors have a larger number of inside directors? Do boards with women inside directors have a larger representation of family members who are also directors? The question on status was an issue of determining the influence of women inside directors by identifying their contributions and how they are utilized. the sub-questions surrounding influence included the following: Are women inside directors younger than male inside directors? Do women inside directors have shorter board tenure than male inside directors? How do the salaries of women inside directors compare to male inside directors? How are women inside directors utilized? This research did not vary from this initial intent. These questions are answered, but as with most research, more questions were raised.
Doctorate of Management Programs
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Show moreAn ethnography of how women entrepreneurs with multiple responsibilities manage their time at home. Introducing the belief that by engaging in the “juggler ethic” women entrepreneurs are able to manipulate activities to provide for more engagement in family life. This study aims to create a better understanding of how women entrepreneurs enlist the efforts of others and mobilize resources toward family needs, with an enumeration of some of their strategies for consideration by other women in similar circumstances.
Doctorate of Management Programs
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Show moreThis research began with the two premises. The first is that stronger, healthier, more vibrant communities more effectively support pregnant women, their infants and the families. The second premise is that private independent foundations in the United States are engaged in a multitude of activities designed to help distressed communities and have significant tacit knowledge about how to do this work. I reviewed the literature on the concept of theories in use and discovered that the literature asserted that they exist and that they can be found through a dialogical interview process. I posited that discourse analysis of categories of meaning would lead to theories in use. I conducted interviews with 9 people who work in 7 regional foundations and 1 national foundation scattered across the country. The interviews focused largely on the relationships that foundations have with the nonprofit organizations that they fund to work with distressed communities. I extracted a theory in use of community that all the interviewees shared and three theories in use of intervention into a community. All of the interviewees start from a core belief in the importance of promoting human connections in communities. They use one of three theories in use of intervention to pursue these goals. I have described these theorieis in use as being focused on nonprofit organizations, being focused on projects that nonprofit organizations can carry out, or begin focused on creating networks of reltionships with members of a community.
Doctorate of Management Programs
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Show moreClinical quality and patient safety are important features of contemporary medical care. Health care organizations and professionals are being urged to make significant improvements in care delivery and care outcomes; including a reduction in the risk of inadvertent patient injury associated with the care process. This study describes an opportunity to observe how a health care system and its professional staff reviewed and revised current clinical quality and patient safety programs. The intent was to better understand the attributes and mental models organizational members brought to this task and to appreciate the influence organizational structure and culture had on the effort. Using observational ethnographic methods and semi-structured interviews native views concerning these subjects and the organization’s efforts to strengthen them were obtained. Structural complexity and ambiguous accountability were prominent emergent themes. Both impeded organizational improvement efforts directed at the topics of interest. The basis for the structural complexity was explored by comparing the subject organization with previously described models of organizational structure. The two organizational elements examined ( a tertiary referral and teaching hospital and an employed multi-specialty medical group ) demonstrated many professional bureaucratic features complemented by machine bureaucratic elements. Structural complexity contributed to the ambiguous accountability observed. A lack of clarity regarding the roles and responsibilities of the clinical departments where care is provided and the quality support departments also contributed to this uncertainty. Another factor, the professional culture associated with the physicians working in the organization, influenced issues of accountability and responsibility. As a group physicians have been ambivalent regarding the adoption of continuous quality improvement methods applied to the clinical care process. While there are several potential explanations for this behavior it is suggested that medical education, with its emphasis on independent decision-making and professional autonomy, may be a contributing factor.
Doctorate of Management Programs
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Show moreThe New York Stock Exchange founded in 1792 is the largest and busiest market the world has ever seen. More than 3,000 companies with a capitalization of more than $12 trillion dollars are represented by the New York Stock Exchange. Half, or nearly $6 trillion dollars, represent 400 foreign companies from around the globe. On average more than one billion - shares worth over $40 billion dollars - change hands everyday (NYSE, handout). Investments in the U.S. stock markets have grown significantly over the past decade. Along with this growth has come a diversification of investors, investment tools and corresponding regulations. Decisions made by large brokers and institutional investors can have a wide-ranging impact on a broad range of investors. The impact is felt through pension funds, 401(k), IRA, mutual funds and a range of individual investment tools. The dynamic nature of the stock exchange as well as the effect on everyday Americans makes for a fascinating and relevant target for research. The 2 research target is the stock market community, in particular, the New York Stock Exchange in New York City. Investors large and small take for granted the integrity of the New York Stock Exchange. The New York Stock Exchange goes to great lengths to ensure there is integrity in the market because it makes good business sense. This paper will look at how trust plays a pivotal role in both the daily work process and market efficiencies and how this institution, motivated for commercial purposes, reinforces integrity to the benefit of society. My personal interest in this issue is generated from my position as a business leader who has experienced the declining emphasis placed on business integrity. In particular, I have noticed trends in patterns between companies and suppliers. Increasingly, companies in search of higher profit margins cast aside long-term relationships as well as established formal or informal agreements. The result is that suppliers build a financial hedge in business proposals to guard against similar actions which may be taken in future contracts. Generally, the declining trust between individuals and institutions forces an increase in transaction costs and a lowering of productivity. The increase costs comes in the form of verification requirements or the excessive development of systems for litigation. Ultimately, the cost to both the purchaser and the supplier in this business-to-business arrangement pay a higher cost due to the lack of trusts between the businesses. I 3 believe the observations that I have made concerning business-to-business procurement are valid in most business settings. The effect of strong ties in operational efficiency can be readily seen in action at the New York Stock Exchange, due to the scale and scope of the institution. The primary method of research comes in the form of observations during daily routines at the exchange. In addition, I have performed an in-depth evaluation of published materials. By examining the life way of the stock market, I hope to contribute to the understanding of the role of integrity in business management, in particular, how it promotes greater efficiency.
Doctorate of Management Programs
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Show moreThis study examines the impact that Ohio's higher education instructional support funding process has on decision-making at two-year colleges. In Ohio, instructional support subsidizes credit (degree-eligible) but not non-credit instruction. The study methodology included six colleges selected on the basis of how active or inactive they were in the provision of job-related non-credit training against their predicted activity. The colleges selected represent the three relatively most and least active institutions. Interviews were conducted at the six colleges with the President, Chief Academic Officer, Chief Fiscal Officer and Chief Non-Credit Instruction Officer. The study found evidence of influence from the instructional support process on decision-making at all six colleges from direct and indirect comments made by the interviewees as well as six identified practices. These practices were used at the colleges to maximize instructional support revenues from the state. Examples of such practices included encouraging employers to consider subsidy eligible credit instruction for their training needs, and choosing to offer credit courses rather than non-credit courses because of subsidy eligibility. There was no discernable evidence that the more active colleges were influenced to a greater or lesser degree than the least active colleges, although the presidents at the more active colleges did not directly identify subsidy eligibility as an influencing factor in decision-making. Presidential tenture and higher education experiences outside of Ohio were found to be a predictor of a college's relative activity in job-related non-credit training activity. Two disctinct models were employed that reflected alternative views of the relationship between credit and non-credit instruction. the more active colleges used a model that viewed non-credit instruction as an entry point for credit instruction and thus supportive of credit instruction. The least active colleges used a model that viewed non-credit instruction as taking away demand for credit instruction and thus was not supportive. The implications of the study include the potential that the instructional support may not be as effective as desired in the provision of affordable higher education. In addition, the provision of instruction by colleges may be based on financial objectives at the expense of mission considerations.
Doctorate of Management Programs
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