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Show moreRecently released 2000 Census data on poverty rates show our region, comprised of Ashtabula, Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake, Lorain, Medina, Portage, and Summit counties, experienced a decrease in poverty rates for both families and individuals between 1989 and 1999. The major cities in our region-Cleveland, Akron and Lorain-experienced decreasing poverty rates during this period as well. Families in the region with children under 18 experienced a 17% decline in their poverty rates since 1989 while the poverty rates for adults dropped by almost 10%. Most striking, however, is the improvement in poverty rates among a subgroup of families with children-those headed by a single mother. Poverty rates for these most vulnerable families fell by 25% in the region during the last decade. Improvements in poverty rates for female-headed families with children outpaced improvements in poverty rates for all families with children in nearly every city and county reviewed. Summit County is the one exception where the decline in poverty rates for both groups was identical. Following a particularly high 1989 poverty rate, the 1999 poverty rate represents the lowest rate of poverty for female-headed families with children in four decades in the region's major cities. However, it's important to note that the 2000 Census took the measure of the nation and the region at the peak of the longest and strongest economic expansion in decades. True to the adage that a rising tide lifts all boats, the labor market expanded to include ever-greater numbers, including some of the more difficult to employ, such as individuals with long-time reliance on welfare, who are predominately in female headed families.
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Show moreBetween 1990 and 2000, the City of Cleveland's population decreased by 27,213 persons, from 505,616 to 478,403. This was the smallest decennial population decline that the City experienced since the decade between 1950 and 1960. However, these 27,213 persons represent the net loss of population from the City. In fact, 64,000 more residents left the city than moved into it. Had this number of net out-migrants not been offset by a surplus of about 37,000 births over deaths, the City's population in 2000 would have been even smaller. Alternatively, had the more than 64,000 residents not left the City, the City's population would have exceeded the half-million mark, reaching more than 542,000 persons.
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Show moreCuyahoga County's Department of Entitlement and Employment Services asked the Center on Urban Poverty and Social Change to estimate the potential number of children eligible for Medicaid under recent legislative changes. Currently, Cuyahoga County provides Medicaid coverage to all children age 0-5 living in households earning up to 133% of the federal poverty threshold and children age 6-14 in families earning up to 100% of the federal poverty baseline. Beginning January 1, 1998, the State of Ohio will increase the income threshold for all children age 0-18 to 150% of poverty. A newly-created federal program, Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP), further expands the eligibility option to children living with families earning less than 200% of poverty. Using data from the 1990 Census, this paper estimates the number of Cuyahoga County children eligible for Medicaid under various income scenarios and by geographic areas.
Digital Books at Kelvin Smith Library, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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