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Show moreMeasurements are reported for the polarization in the ordered phase, and for the tilt susceptibility in the 'disordered' smectic A phase, of mixtures of left- and right-handed enantiomers of TFMHPOBC. The tilt susceptibility was found to exhibit a critical exponent γ=1·20±0·05, and both its magnitude and the polarization were found to be nonmonotonic in enantiomeric excess X of S-TFMHPOBC. Their ratio, however, was found to be approximately constant with X. Several possible explanations are examined.
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Show moreWe describe a new approach to second-order nonlinear optical materials, namely quadrupoling. This approach is valid in the regime of Kleinman (full permutation) symmetry breaking, and thus requires a two- or three dimensional microscopic nonlinearity at wavelengths away from material resonances. This "quadrupolar" nonlinearity arises from the second rank pseudotensor of the rotationally invariant representation of the second-order nonlinear optical tensor. We have experimentally investigated candidate molecules comprised of chiral camphorquinone derivatives by measuring the scalar invariant associated with the rank two pseudotensor using hyper-Rayleigh scattering. We have found sizable scalar figures of merit for several compounds using light for which the second harmonic wavelengths are greater than 100 nm longer than the absorption peak location. At these wavelengths, the quadrupolar scalar is as large as the polar (EFISH) scalar of p-nitroaniline. Prospects for applications are discussed. Citation format: Hubbard S.F, Petschek R.G., Singer K.D., D'Sidocky N., Hudson C., Chien L.C., Henderson C.C., Cahill P.A., ""Quadrupoled" materials for second-order nonlinear optics," Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 3147, 41-52, 1997. Copyright notice format Copyright 1997 Society of Photo Optical Instrumentation Engineers. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper are prohibited.
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