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Show moreThis Briefing Report focuses on changes in the number of participants in the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program. The principal focus is the period following the passage of the Family Support Act of 1988, mandating participation in welfare to work programs. The reporting period was chosen to end in 1996, shortly before the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program replaced AFDC.
Digital Books at Kelvin Smith Library, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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Show moreAt the request of the Cuyahoga County Department of Entitlement and Employment Services, the Center on Urban Poverty and Social Change undertook a study of the number and characteristics of families and children that would qualify for and use child care subsidies under welfare reform. Persons who receive Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) are required to participate in work activities for at least 30 hours per week in order to retain their cash assistance. Children of these recipients who are under the age of 13 are eligible for subsidized child care while their parents participate in mandated work activities. This Briefing Report examines the characteristics of a sample of the 1996 exit cohort to determine those factors that might affect use of a child care subsidy. The exit cohort chosen included all single parent adults over 18 who exited the welfare rolls in Cuyahoga County in any quarter of 1996. These adults had income from employment in the quarter following their departure from welfare and they had at least one child aged 3, 4, or 5 at the time of the exit.
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Show moreThe Federation for Community Planning was interested in understanding factors leading to the use of welfare benefits. For some individuals, entry into the Aid to Dependent Children (AFDC) program for the first time may be precipitated by specific events such as loss of a job, birth of a child, or change in family structure. Such situations may resolve themselves and eliminate the need for AFDC in a relatively short period. For other individuals, there may not be a single precipitating event, instead welfare dependency may be a result of prolonged unemployment and family difficulties. The purpose of this analysis is to identify some of the circumstances surrounding welfare entry and to determine whether they are predictive of how long individuals will receive benefits.
Digital Books at Kelvin Smith Library, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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Show moreThis analysis of the retention of food stamps and Medicaid draws upon an ongoing, longitudinal study of families leaving cash assistance in Cuyahoga County. Each quarter, beginning in quarter 4, 1998, all families who leave cash assistance for at least 2 months are identified from agency records (this identification of quarterly exit cohorts will continue through quarter 4, 2000.) Each exit cohort is tracked for thirteen months. For this study, an exiter is defined as an assistance group whose OWF cash assistance case was open for at least 1 month and then closed for at least 2 consecutive months. The assistance group must have at least one adult over the age of 18 and all members of the assistance group must exit and not transfer to a new assistance group in the two-month period. The month of exit is the first month in which the assistance group does not receive an OWF check. Administrative records containing information on monthly welfare benefits (including case closing codes) and quarterly employment and earnings are compiled for all of the exiters for the year prior to and following the exit.
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Show moreAs welfare caseloads fall and provisions of welfare reform are implemented in state and local welfare offices, there is a growing interest in families and individuals who leave the welfare rolls. However, welfare caseloads have always been dynamic, with families entering and leaving assistance programs each month. To interpret information on families leaving welfare since welfare reform, it is necessary to know what happened to families who left welfare in the past as well. This is a study of a third quarter, 1996 cohort of welfare leavers, who stopped receiving cash assistance before welfare reform went into effect. It is intended to provide a basis of comparison for future studies of families leaving welfare under welfare reform.
Digital Books at Kelvin Smith Library, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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Show moreOhio recently received a waiver from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to implement a new statewide welfare reform program. This program, called 'Ohio First' is intended to move adult AFDC recipients off of AFDC and into the labor market. Among other provisions, it prohibits AFDC recipients from receiving aid for more than three years during any five-year period, with the hopes that former recipients will become self-supporting in the labor market.
Digital Books at Kelvin Smith Library, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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Show moreThis study, undertaken with support from the Federation for Community Planning, estimates the number of Cuyahoga County residents who utilized at least one of three common public assistance programs: Medicaid, Food Stamps, or AFDC. Using administrative data and estimates of the County's five year accumulated population, the Center on Urban Poverty and Social Change has calculated the government assistance utilization rates of residents in Cuyahoga County during the five year period, July, 1992 through June, 1997.
Digital Books at Kelvin Smith Library, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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Show moreThis Briefing Report estimates the number, age, and neighborhood of children that may qualify for guaranteed child care in Cuyahoga County. Although all children under the age of 13 are eligible for child care subsidies under welfare reform, this study focuses on children between the ages of 0 and 5.1 Existing child care slots in Cuyahoga County for children 0 to 5 years old were also identified by neighborhood to estimate the magnitude of increased child care slots that could be necessary under welfare reform.
Digital Books at Kelvin Smith Library, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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Show moreBeginning October 1, 1997, the state of Ohio placed a time limit on the number of months a family may use Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), formerly known as Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC). Under the new law, there is a lifetime limit of five years for cash assistance. Initially, an Ohio family is restricted to using 36 months of welfare within any five year period. After five years, the Ohio family may use an additional 24 months of assistance. This Briefing Report estimates the number of Cuyahoga County TANF recipients who are likely to meet the 36 month time limit under the new law. Beginning in 1995, the Center on Urban Poverty and Social Change initiated a number of studies on local welfare recipients. 1 Since that time, Cuyahoga County's caseload, similar to the nation's, has declined dramatically. This report draws on the earlier analyses to study the current Cuyahoga County caseload.
Digital Books at Kelvin Smith Library, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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