<span>The image illustrates a microfabricated three dimensional (3D) substrate to confine, align, and elongate biological cells. Pillar top surfaces are rendered non-adhesive to cells and sidewalls of the micropillars were functionalized to allow adhesion of cells in the inter-pillar space. Biological cells, such as stem cells and heart muscle </span><span>cells, can be confined in a 3D micropillar environment with precise control over mechanical properties, so cell behavior in response to various mechanical effects can be characterized. I would like to acknowledge my team member Grace Gongaware from Cleveland Institute of Art and my supervisor Dr. Umut Gurkan for contemplating and crafting this image.</span>

Anisotropically Stiff Three Dimensional Micropillars for Extraordinary Cell Alignment and Elongation

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